Country Ham Cooking Guide: Tips, Techniques, and Recipes

Let's talk about country ham, the real deal, not those mass-produced, pre-sliced things you find at the supermarket. I'm talking about the kind of ham that's been dry-cured for weeks, maybe even months, with salt, sugar, and spices, hanging in a cool, dry place. It's a labour of love, this country ham, and it takes time and patience to make it right. But let me tell you, the reward is worth it.

This is no ordinary ham. It's got a depth of flavour and a complex texture that's just not found in any other kind of cured meat. It's a bit salty, a bit sweet, and a bit smoky, all at the same time, with a hint of that unmistakable, earthy country flavour.

And the best part? You can cook it in so many different ways. From simple to elaborate, there's a country ham recipe for everyone.

So, grab a cuppa and settle in, because we're about to embark on a delicious journey through the world of country ham.

(Part 1) Understanding Country Ham

Before we dive into the cooking, it's important to understand what makes country ham so special.

The History and Tradition

Country ham, my friends, is a heritage product. It's been a staple in rural communities for centuries, a way of preserving pork for months on end. In the days before refrigeration, it was a lifesaver, offering families a source of protein and sustenance during the leaner months.

The origins of country ham can be traced back to ancient times, with evidence suggesting that various cultures across the globe have practiced dry-curing techniques for preserving meat. In Europe, ham curing was a common practice in the Middle Ages, and the tradition eventually made its way to the Americas with European settlers.

In the United States, country ham became particularly popular in the Southern states, where it was often made on farms and passed down through generations. The Southern climate, with its warm temperatures and humidity, provided the perfect conditions for dry-curing.

The Curing Process

The key to country ham's distinctive flavour lies in the dry-curing process. It's a slow and meticulous art that involves rubbing the ham with a blend of salt, sugar, and sometimes spices, then hanging it in a cool, dry place for weeks or months.

During this time, the salt draws moisture out of the meat, while the sugar and spices add flavour and prevent spoilage. This process dehydrates the ham, making it incredibly salty and giving it a firmer texture. The natural enzymes in the meat also break down proteins, resulting in a unique flavour profile that's impossible to replicate with other methods.

The Difference Between Country Ham and city ham

Now, you might be wondering what sets country ham apart from your average supermarket ham. The difference lies in the curing process.

City hams are typically cured with a wet brine, which is a solution of salt, water, and sometimes sugar and spices. This process is quicker than dry-curing, and results in a ham that's less salty and more tender. It's also generally cured for a shorter period, resulting in a milder flavour.

Country ham, on the other hand, is dry-cured, meaning it's rubbed with salt and spices and then hung to dry. This process takes longer, but it gives the ham a more intense flavour and a firmer texture. The extended drying process also creates a more concentrated flavour, resulting in a saltier, more complex taste.

(Part 2) Choosing the Right Country Ham

Now, you've decided to give country ham a try. Fantastic! But first, you need to choose the right one. Here's what you need to know:

Types of Country Hams

The first thing you need to consider is the type of country ham you want. There are three main types:

• whole ham: This is the most traditional type of country ham. It's a whole hog leg, bone-in, that's been cured and dried. Whole hams are typically large and can weigh up to 20 pounds or more. They're perfect for large gatherings or special occasions.

• half ham: This is simply a whole ham that's been cut in half lengthwise. Half hams are a good option for smaller gatherings or families.

• Center-cut ham: This is a slice of ham that's been cut from the center of a whole ham. It's often sold already sliced or in smaller portions. Center-cut ham is a convenient option for individual meals or smaller dishes.

Size and Weight

Next, you need to think about how much ham you need. Whole hams can be quite large, weighing up to 20 pounds or more. For a family gathering or special occasion, a whole ham might be just what you need. But for a smaller meal, a half ham or even a center-cut slice will do just fine.

The Colour of the Fat

Take a look at the fat. You'll see it's a creamy white or light yellow colour. This indicates that the ham has been properly cured and aged. The fat should be firm and have a slightly waxy texture. If the fat is pale or has a greyish tinge, it may indicate that the ham hasn't been cured properly.

The Texture of the Ham

The ham should be firm to the touch, not soft or mushy. A properly cured ham will have a slightly "springy" feel to it. This is because the drying process has removed moisture and concentrated the meat. If the ham feels soft or squishy, it may be over-aged or has not been cured properly.

The Smell

Lastly, give the ham a good sniff. It should smell salty and slightly sweet, but not sour or rancid. A properly cured ham will have a pleasant aroma that's reminiscent of the spices used in the curing process. If the ham smells sour or pungent, it may be spoiled.

(Part 3) Preparing Your Country Ham for Cooking

So, you've chosen your country ham. Now it's time to get it ready for cooking. This is an important step, as it helps to remove excess salt and soften the texture.

Soaking

The first thing you'll need to do is soak the ham. This helps to rehydrate the meat and draw out some of the salt. You can soak the ham in cold water for 12 to 24 hours, changing the water every 4-6 hours. For a quicker soak, you can use a pressure cooker.

The Soaking Method

Place the ham in a large pot or container and cover it with cold water. Add a few tablespoons of vinegar to the water, which helps to break down some of the salt. Make sure the ham is completely submerged in the water.

Cover the pot or container and place it in the refrigerator. Soak the ham for at least 12 hours, or up to 24 hours, changing the water every 4-6 hours. The frequency of changing the water helps to ensure that the salt is drawn out of the ham as effectively as possible.

The Pressure Cooker Method

If you're short on time, you can use a pressure cooker to soak the ham. This method takes about 2 hours, but it's important to make sure you use a pressure cooker that's large enough to hold the ham.

Place the ham in the pressure cooker and cover it with cold water. Add a few tablespoons of vinegar to the water, and then seal the pressure cooker according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Bring the pressure cooker to high pressure, then reduce the heat to low and cook for 2 hours. Once the cooking time is complete, release the pressure according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Important Note

When you remove the ham from the water or the pressure cooker, pat it dry with paper towels. You don't want any excess water to interfere with the cooking process.

(Part 4) Cooking Your Country Ham

Okay, your ham is prepped and ready to go. Now it's time to cook it! There are many different ways to cook country ham, but here are a few of my favorites:

Baking

Baking is a simple and reliable method for cooking country ham. It produces a tender and flavorful ham that's perfect for slicing and serving.

• Preheat your oven to 325°F (160°C).

• Place the ham in a roasting pan and add about 1 cup of water to the bottom of the pan. This helps to create steam and prevents the ham from drying out.

• Cover the pan tightly with foil and bake for 1 1/2 to 2 hours, or until the internal temperature reaches 140°F (60°C).

• Remove the foil and bake for another 30 minutes, or until the ham is golden brown.

Boiling

Boiling is a traditional method for cooking country ham. It's a slow and gentle method that produces a tender and flavorful ham that's perfect for slicing and serving.

• Place the ham in a large pot or stockpot and cover it with cold water.

• Add a few tablespoons of vinegar to the water, which helps to break down some of the salt.

• Bring the pot to a boil, then reduce the heat to low and simmer for 3 to 4 hours, or until the ham is tender.

• Remove the ham from the pot and let it cool slightly before slicing and serving.

Pan-Frying

Pan-frying is a quick and easy way to cook country ham. It's perfect for smaller portions of ham, and it produces a crispy and flavorful ham that's great for serving with breakfast or brunch.

• Heat a large skillet or frying pan over medium heat.

• Add a tablespoon of butter or oil to the pan.

• Add the ham slices to the pan and cook for 3 to 4 minutes per side, or until golden brown and crispy.

Other Cooking Methods

While baking, boiling, and pan-frying are popular methods, you can also explore other cooking techniques for country ham:

slow cooker: Place the ham in a slow cooker with a cup of water or broth and cook on low for 6-8 hours.

Smoking: Smoking country ham adds a smoky flavour and creates a beautiful bark on the outside.

Grilling: Grill country ham over medium heat for 5-7 minutes per side, or until cooked through and slightly charred.

(Part 5) Serving and Enjoying Your Country Ham

Okay, your country ham is cooked! Now it's time to serve it up and enjoy all that delicious flavour.

Slicing

Let the ham rest for a few minutes before slicing it. This will allow the juices to redistribute, making the ham even more tender and flavorful. Use a sharp knife to slice the ham into thin slices. For a more rustic look, you can slice the ham in thicker slices.

Serving

Country ham can be served in a variety of ways. It's a traditional staple for breakfast, brunch, and dinner, but it can also be used in sandwiches, salads, and other dishes.

Traditional Serving Ideas

Here are a few traditional ways to serve country ham:

• With biscuits and gravy: This is a classic Southern breakfast dish. The rich and creamy gravy perfectly complements the salty and flavorful ham.

• With grits: Grits are a Southern staple that can be enjoyed for breakfast, brunch, or dinner. They're a simple yet satisfying dish that pairs well with country ham.

• With black-eyed peas and rice: This is a traditional Southern New Year's Day dish. It's said to bring good luck and prosperity in the new year.

• With collard greens: Collard greens are a hearty and flavorful side dish that pairs well with country ham.

• With sweet potatoes: sweet potatoes are a sweet and satisfying side dish that complements the salty and savory flavors of country ham.

Creative Serving Ideas

Want to be a bit more creative with your country ham? Here are some fun ideas:

• ham and cheese sandwiches: Use slices of country ham in your sandwiches. Add cheese, mustard, and your favorite toppings.

• Ham salad: Chop up the country ham, add mayonnaise, celery, onion, and other ingredients, and spread it on bread, crackers, or lettuce.

• Ham and bean soup: Add some cubes of country ham to your favorite bean soup recipe.

• Ham and asparagus quiche: Use cooked country ham and fresh asparagus in your quiche.

• Ham and pineapple pizza: Top a pizza crust with country ham, pineapple, and cheese.

(Part 6) Storing and Preserving Your Country Ham

So you've got your country ham, and you're ready to enjoy it. But what about the leftovers? Here's how to store and preserve your country ham so you can enjoy it for weeks or even months to come.

Refrigeration

If you're planning to use your country ham within a week or two, you can store it in the refrigerator. Simply wrap it tightly in plastic wrap or aluminum foil and place it in a container or resealable bag. It will keep in the refrigerator for up to two weeks.

Freezing

For longer storage, you can freeze your country ham. Wrap the ham tightly in plastic wrap and then in aluminum foil. You can also place it in a freezer-safe bag. It will keep in the freezer for up to 6 months.

Thawing

When you're ready to use your frozen country ham, thaw it in the refrigerator for 2-3 days. You can also thaw it in cold water, but make sure the ham is completely submerged in the water and change the water every 30 minutes.

Using Leftovers

Country ham is a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of dishes. Here are a few ideas for using your leftovers:

• Ham and bean soup: Add chopped country ham to your favorite bean soup recipe.

• Ham salad: Chop up the country ham and add it to a salad.

• Ham and cheese sandwiches: Use sliced country ham in your sandwiches.

• Ham and potato hash: Sauté diced country ham with potatoes, onions, and peppers for a hearty and flavorful breakfast or brunch dish.

• Ham and pasta dishes: Add diced country ham to pasta dishes for a salty and savory twist.

• Ham and rice dishes: Use country ham in rice dishes, such as fried rice, jambalaya, or paella.

(Part 7) Tips for Cooking Country Ham

Now, let's delve into some tips and tricks that will help you cook country ham like a pro:

Start with a Good Quality Ham

It all begins with the ham itself. Choosing a high-quality country ham will make a huge difference in the taste and texture of your final dish. Look for a ham that's been properly cured and aged. You can also ask your butcher for recommendations on specific farms or producers known for their high-quality country hams.

Don't Overcook It

Country ham is already cooked through, so it doesn't need to be cooked for a long time. Overcooking will make it dry and tough. Focus on reheating the ham and bringing it to the desired internal temperature rather than cooking it from raw.

Watch the Salt Levels

Country ham is naturally salty, so you may want to adjust the seasoning in other parts of your dish. Taste as you go, and adjust the salt levels as needed. You can also balance the saltiness by adding sweet ingredients, such as honey, maple syrup, or fruit, to your recipes.

Add Flavour

Don't be afraid to get creative with your seasonings. You can add spices, herbs, or even fruits to your ham. Here are a few flavour combinations to try:

Spicy: Cayenne pepper, chili powder, smoked paprika

Herby: Thyme, rosemary, sage, oregano

Fruity: Apple, pear, pineapple, apricot

Serve It Up!

Once your country ham is cooked, let it rest for a few minutes before slicing it. This will allow the juices to redistribute, making the ham even more tender and flavorful. Serve it up with your favorite sides and enjoy!

(Part 8) Country ham recipes

Here are a few of my favorite country ham recipes:

Country Ham with Red-Eye Gravy

This classic Southern dish is a must-try for any country ham lover. The rich and savory gravy is made with pan drippings and coffee, and it's absolutely delicious.

Ingredients:

• 1 pound country ham, sliced
• 1 tablespoon butter
• 1/2 cup flour
• 2 cups strong coffee
• Salt and pepper to taste

Instructions:

1. Melt the butter in a large skillet over medium heat.

2. Add the ham slices to the skillet and cook for 3 to 4 minutes per side, or until golden brown.

3. Remove the ham from the skillet and set aside.

4. Add the flour to the skillet and whisk until it forms a smooth paste.

5. Gradually whisk in the coffee until the gravy is smooth and thick.

6. Season with salt and pepper to taste.

7. Return the ham slices to the skillet and cook for a few more minutes, or until heated through.

8. Serve immediately over biscuits or rice.

Country Ham and Black-Eyed Peas

This traditional Southern dish is said to bring good luck and prosperity in the new year. It's a hearty and flavorful dish that's perfect for a cold winter day.

Ingredients:

• 1 pound country ham, diced
• 1 cup black-eyed peas, picked over and rinsed
• 1 onion, chopped
• 1 green bell pepper, chopped
• 4 cups chicken broth
• Salt and pepper to taste

Instructions:

1. In a large pot or dutch oven, combine the ham, black-eyed peas, onion, and green pepper.

2. Pour in the chicken broth and bring to a boil.

3. Reduce the heat to low and simmer for 1 hour, or until the peas are tender.

4. Season with salt and pepper to taste.

5. Serve immediately over rice.

Country Ham and Asparagus Quiche

This elegant and flavorful quiche is perfect for a brunch or light dinner. The combination of country ham and asparagus is simply irresistible.

Ingredients:

• 1 (9-inch) pie crust
• 1 pound country ham, diced
• 1 bunch asparagus, trimmed and cut into 1-inch pieces
• 1 cup heavy cream
• 4 large eggs
• 1/2 cup grated Gruyere cheese
• Salt and pepper to taste

Instructions:

1. Preheat your oven to 375°F (190°C).

2. Place the pie crust in a 9-inch pie plate and bake for 10 minutes, or until lightly browned.

3. Remove the crust from the oven and set aside.

4. In a large bowl, whisk together the heavy cream, eggs, and cheese.

5. Season with salt and pepper to taste.

6. Add the ham and asparagus to the bowl and stir to combine.

7. Pour the mixture into the baked pie crust.

8. Bake for 30 to 40 minutes, or until the quiche is set and golden brown.

9. Let the quiche cool for 10 minutes before slicing and serving.

(Part 9) FAQs

You've read about country ham, its history, its preparation, and its recipes. Now let's answer a few commonly asked questions:

1. How do I know if my country ham is spoiled?

Check the appearance, smell, and texture. If the ham has a slimy texture, a strong, off-putting odour, or a discoloured appearance, it's best to throw it away. If the ham has a sour or rancid smell, it's definitely spoiled. You can also check for any signs of mold or other spoilage.

2. How can I reduce the saltiness of country ham?

Soaking the ham in cold water for 12 to 24 hours will help to draw out some of the salt. You can also add a few tablespoons of vinegar to the water, which helps to break down the salt. For an even more effective method, consider soaking the ham in a brine solution, which is a mixture of water, salt, and sugar. The brine will help to draw out the salt and infuse the ham with additional flavour.

3. How long does it take to cook a country ham?

Cooking time varies depending on the size and thickness of the ham, but generally, it takes 2 to 4 hours to cook a country ham. However, country ham is already cooked through, so you're not actually cooking it, but rather reheating it to bring it to the desired internal temperature. If you're using a slow cooker, you can cook the ham on low for 6-8 hours.

4. Can I use country ham in place of other types of ham?

Country ham is more salty and flavorful than other types of ham, so you may need to adjust the seasoning in your recipe. You can also use less country ham than you would of a regular ham to avoid overwhelming your dish with saltiness.

5. Where can I buy country ham?

Country ham is available from specialty meat markets, butcher shops, and online retailers. You can also find country ham at farmers' markets and some grocery stores, especially in the Southern states.

Now, go forth and enjoy the delicious world of country ham! Experiment with different cooking methods and recipes, and see what you like best. And remember, if you're ever unsure about anything, just reach out to a trusted butcher or experienced cook.